Themes of Modern Terrorism Bakunin’s God and the State Free Essays

string(134) As a worldwide network, we express every day shock when demonstrations of fear be they vehicle bombings, hijackings, kidnappings and murders occur. Mohit Mulani Prof. James Gilligan 22/12/12 â€Å"God and the State† The possibility of noxious fear based oppression is on a very basic level established in a radical translation of religion empowered and generally supported by clerics and political figures. To look at this intimately regarding verifiable circumstances and thoughts, we can apply the ideas purchased forward by the Russian nineteenth century logician and agnostic Bakunin in his fundamental book, â€Å"God and State. We will compose a custom exposition test on Topics of Modern Terrorism Bakunin’s God and the State or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now † In the book, doctinaires are evaluated intensely for their steady burden of unreasonable standards upon the world. Concerning the, Bakunin states, â€Å"They are so desirous of the greatness of their God and of the triumph of their thought that they have no heart left for the freedom or the nobility or even the sufferings of living men, of genuine men. Divine energy, distraction with the thought, at long last evaporate the tenderest spirits, the most merciful hearts, the wellsprings of human love. God the State, 65)† Comparing these nineteenth century doctinaires with current fear based oppressors we see a gathering of individuals so totally excited by the prevalence of their conviction frameworks that they are more than ready to bargain the lives of non-adherents to ‘persuade’ others. This follows in the line of a customary procedure that requires the decimation and outright update of a current framework and its foundations all together for another one to build u p itself and flourish. Alluded to in the line, â€Å"Every advancement essentially infers a negation,† the thought is the premise of forceful and vicious psychological warfare all around (God the State, 9). The September eleventh assaults for example were wanted to incorporate bombings of the Pentagon and White House, both emblematic areas speaking to the focuses of Western colonialism and wellsprings of hatred for the jihadis. This is especially significant given how current creators, writers and scholars have underscored the serene idea of Islam when deciphered by its sacred writings. Taking a gander at the sheer association and intensity of fear monger rganizations, it appears as if the hyper-rough part of this in any case ‘peaceful’ religion probably emerged from a comprehension of this authoritative opinion. There must win the possibility that without the pulverization of certain castigated Western goals, their favored worth frameworks can't be made sure about over the world. Anoth er angle purchased up in Bakunin’s explanation about doctrinaires was the deletion of adoration and compassion towards the casualties of fear based oppressor acts. The culprits here have been blinded by the forceful, nationalistic competition between belief systems towards the agony and enduring of others. At times, the genuine or envisioned enduring of their own kin, frequently on account of the West is utilized as an instrument to solidify their enthusiastic offices towards vilified gatherings of individuals. A few enlistment interchanges and promulgation show in express detail the torment rehearses, jail camp conditions and automaton assaults the Western countries have delivered upon suspected fear based oppressors. This escalates the unbridled contempt that at last fills the figurative dread machine-producing a great many alumni equipped with self destruction vests and ruinous goals that they wish to force upon the world. A significant point here is that the starting point of such conduct isn’t uniquely brought about by detest or disdain; it is fairly the amalgamation of a few elements including socio-political ones that in their totality make this combative area of the world. Bakunin talks about, â€Å"the entire history of humankind, scholarly and good, political and social, [being] however an impression of its financial history (God the State, 9). † The monetary idea of nations and their kin regularly have direct outcomes on the perspectives and positions embraced by them. The impact of neediness on the fear based oppressor world-see most legitimately can be two overlap. In the principal case, individuals join jihadist groups for direct financial reward to themselves or their family; a critical factor in urgently poor countries and towns. A case of this was seen after the Mumbai train bombings of 2008 in which the prime suspect Ajmal Kassab admitted to expecting around US$3,352 in the wake of prevailing in his strategic. As per police sources, he was ignorant of any Islamic precepts or stanzas from the Quran yet had a destructive message to send in any case. The other impact of a poor monetary state is an expanded defenselessness to bogus ministers and their form of religion. Lower financial gatherings when confronted with unimportant lives resort to conviction frameworks that give them solace, comfort and regularly a feeling of prevalence with deference over philosophy held. This frequently means more self destruction planes by methods for more noteworthy expectation for eternity. A considerable lot of psychological militants that go onto perform self destruction missions do as such subsequent to contrasting their present lives and the ones they hope to lead in paradise or jannah. They see neediness, pain, obligation and enduring as something they can abandon to arrive at a place that is known for wellsprings, nurseries, heavenly attendants and virgins in the event that they make the best decision. Here is the place shrewd ministers and lawmakers plunge in utilizing, â€Å"base and criminal methods †¦ to keep the countries in never-ending subjugation. (God the State, 11)† These self-announced, â€Å"guardians and the dads of the people,† plainly don't have their eventual benefits on the most fundamental level and see them rather as instruments by which they can accomplish their separate political and strict plans. An evangelist who lectures on the benefit of taking lives, leveling urban areas and especially in Iran-the utilization of atomic weapons, can't in any way, shape or form be speaking to the individuals any translation of strict writings. Rather than playing out his obligations as the otherworldly leader of a network, he utilizes combustible talk to mix individuals who are over and over controlled by their legislatures into accepting genuine purposeful publicity against Western countries. Bakunin communicates specific shock at such figures alluding to their goes about as, â€Å" this wrongdoing of treachery against humankind submitted every day, in expansive day, over the entire surface of the cultivated world. This is fascinating for the most part since it modifies our point of view on thoughts of fear mongering and makes us take a gander at what goes into the arrangement of one. As a worldwide network, we express day by day shock when demonstrations of fear be they vehicle bombings, hijackings, kidnappings and murders happen. You read Subjects of Modern Terrorism Bakunin’s God and the State in classification Article models Caught up in these, it gets hard to see the concurrent wrongdoing being completed all through enormous tracts of the Middle East where the masses is deliberately denied genuine instruction in lieu of strict madrasas and teaching. Despite the fact that unfathomably extraordinary, we can look at Bakunin’s examination of nineteenth century instruction and cutting edge madrasas. â€Å"Such are the ridiculous stories that are told and the massive regulations that are educated, in the full light of the nineteenth century, in all the state funded schools of Europe, at the express order of the legislature. They consider this cultivating the individuals! Is it not plain that every one of these administrations are orderly poisoners, intrigued stuns of the majority? † ( God ; the State, 11) There is surely an explanation behind the foundation of such schools. We can set that because of a specific good vacuum, made by the inundation of Western/European profound quality which itself was a result of the Scientific Revolution, there exists a thought process to authorize moderate and prohibitive good frameworks. These intentions when taken to their extraordinary cause disdain towards different types of reasoning and consider them to be counterproductive or legitimately threatening to their own. On account of Islamic religious philosophy, the lessons have been co-selected by a little, yet dynamic activist and fanatic segment. This gathering contradicts on a basic level all individuals who don't share their conviction frameworks calling them demonstratively; non-adherents, heathens and blasphemers. Much like how in post war Europe this exceptionally good vacuum was loaded up with parts of Totalitarianism and Fascism, the extreme Middle East has received an also dictator framework. This framework is right off the bat tyrant in the exacting sense as most countries like Saudi Arabia have no free press, law based governments or ideological groups. Also on an increasingly dynamic level, its strict fundamentals when practiced by radicals or the Mutaween are exceptionally prohibitory and isolated. A case of this sprung to global consideration when in March of 2002, a girl’s school in Mecca burst into flames. Individuals from the Mutaween or the strict police were close by to keep inappropriately dressed young ladies from leaving the consuming structure. As school was in meeting with a completely female populace, for comfort most young ladies had decided to take of their binding abayas and crowns. When endeavoring to avoid, According to a common guard official, the young ladies had to return by utilization of power. This is one of numerous instances of strict restriction and how it is inalienably parochial and inhibitory. The majority should undoubtedly be stunned, as Bakunin says on the off chance that they consider it God’s will that young ladies consume to death for not being dressed suitably. In spite of the fact that appropriate to a wide scope of situations, this model gives us knowledge into the hostilities of fear monger gatherings. It is obviously insufficient that they follow the inflexible standards set in the sacred texts and deciphered by their mullahs, for all intents and purposes everybody must do as such too. A few pries

African American History Essay

Legacy makes up a huge bit of our History. Join that legacy with race and you have an establishment for setting up various beginnings of races that can follow their initial causes back to the start of the United States. A monster mixture as it has been depicted because of the entirety of the movement that happened in the mid nineteenth century. African Americans have built up a gigantic job in the beginnings and the historical backdrop of the America. Their ceaseless battle for correspondence and rights as American individuals have spread over numerous years. The activities against African Americans promptly following the finish of the common war were not reasonable. This underlying unjustifiable treatment started various discussions that all can be followed back to their underlying beginning of reasonable treatment after numerous long stretches of abuse. The Black Codes were set up to confine and control the lives of ex-slaves. (Bowles 2011) That isn't an approach to be allowed opportunity if your life is as yet controlled. Opportunity isn’t opportunity in the event that you are as yet treated unjustifiably among different races. The thirteenth amendment built up to nullify servitude in the United States. This was a significant advance to equity among African Americans. The modern blast in the north started the enthusiasm of many searching for work. The guarantee of work and having the option to accommodate your family drew the consideration of a huge number of African Americans. These employments caused a mass development of African Americans from the south toward the north. This move was the Great Migration. The section into World War Two brought some exceptional open doors for African Americans. Key segments to the war were the Tuskegee Airmen. Proceeding onward in their battle for equivalent rights and medications, Rosa Parks held fast and would not surrender her seat on a transport. Seeing the requirement for more activity by the administration, Martin Luther ruler collected a monstrous million man walk into the Nation’s capital. The battle for African Americans has been a long and now and again risky battle. Previous slave proprietors and numerous others in the south didn't wish to forsake their lifestyle and what they saw as reasonable and equivalent treatment for African Americans. With the assurance, the will to have any kind of effect, and administrative activities. African Americans have changed the laws and made astounding strides towards the reasonable and equivalent treatment they were constantly qualified for as any American ought to be. Their constant quest for change has everlastingly affected history. The deepest desires of opportunity for African Americans were devastated promptly following the finish of the common war, on account of dark codes and the terrorizing with fear and brutality from veteran confederates that framed the psychological oppressor bunch called the Ku Klux Klan. As recently liberated slaves, blacks discovered very soon that opportunity was not how they envisioned. â€Å"In 1865, southerners made dark code that controlled all parts of black’s lives and prevented freshly discovered African Americans from the opportunity that they had won from the common war. † (The Black Codes of the South 1966) Almost all aspects of free slaves life was controlled by dark codes even the opportunity to move. Blacks couldn't enter certain towns without consent so any desires for discovering family that were sold during servitude end up being a test. There was additionally vagrancy laws that expressed all freedman were transient on the off chance that they didn't have an occupation or they were destitute. Dark codes made isolation in open offices, conveying any sort of weapons, and to affirm in court against white men illicit. In the event that a dark individual defied these codes and detainment would happen more often than not. This was a retrogressive advance towards uniformity and opportunity. Dark codes offered a couple of specific rights to blacks. They were given the option to wed, and the option to possess some land. In spite of the fact that being a free dark slave during this timeframe was an amazing advance towards a brought together nation, blacks would confront greater difficulties all through the following century. The Thirteenth Amendment was one of the most compelling alterations to have at any point been passed in our nation. The Thirteenth Amendment states, â€Å"Neither bondage nor automatic subjugation, aside from as a discipline for wrongdoing whereof the gathering will have been appropriately sentenced, will exist inside the United States, or wherever subject to their jurisdiction† (US Constitution, Amendment 13, Section 1) The aim of the Thirteenth amendment was to abrogate servitude and start the long procedure of just and equivalent rights for every single American resident. The death of this change shut down servitude and made disturbance the previous slave proprietors in the South. The Southern States that withdrew from the association were compelled to free their slaves and pass the revision to be permitted once more into the association. The south was then compelled to locate another methods for supporting themselves and working their money crops. With this alteration passed, the African Americans were at last free and most by far of slaves the took a shot at manors were gone in light of the fact that they were free. In spite of the fact that prejudice isolation despite everything assumed a significant job in their lives, they were not, at this point compelled to function as slaves. Subjection was not just a type of constrained work. Numerous slaves additionally confronted mortification, discipline, and brutal lives. They were a few slaves that were treated as they were lower than they creatures they had to think about. The inceptions of servitude and the continuation of slaves well into after the common war were discolor on America. The thirteen change annulled subjection, it didn't offer a lot of guideline onto sexual orientation fairness. This was absolutely valid for previous dark female slaves. They were not managed indistinguishable equivalent rights and openings from free previous dark male slaves. â€Å"Female slaves endured novel hardships, being abused for both work and generation. † (Tsesis, A.2012). With the underlying going of the thirteenth amendment, the future street was being cleared for equity among dark both male and female. This alteration would proceed to be confirmed until in the end correspondence was accomplished for the two sexual orientations. The incredible relocation covers the development of a large number of African Americans from the south toward the north because of mechanical extension. In spite of the fact that this isn't the principal extraordinary relocation, being there was an enormous movement of African Americans soon after the common war, this movement had an a lot bigger impact. Populaces of African Americans radically changed as a result of it. Populace decent variety was set up. During the twentieth century, African-Americans took part in one of the most critical segment occasions in U. S. history, â€Å"The Great Migration. † The Great Migration was a huge development of African Americans from the South toward the North crossing from 1863 to 1960. The biggest development in the relocation happened from 1910 to 1920. (Bowles 2011) The Great Migration was brought about by various reasons that pushed African Americans out of the South, and different odds of chance were pulling them toward the North. The spring on 1916, Six million African-Americans moved toward the North and the West piece of the United States of America. After the Emancipation Proclamation was marked in 1863, under 8 percent of the African-Americans populace lived in the Northeastern or Midwestern piece of the United States. The U. S. Senate had requested an examination concerning it. In 1900, around 90 percent of blacks despite everything lived in Southern states. They likewise moved to Canada so as to keep up place of refuge from enemies of abolitionists. At the point when it was the ideal opportunity for the blacks to move the main transportation for them were trains, vessels, transports, yet here and there vehicles were utilized for their transportation. The guarantee of good work, food, cash, and a spot to deal with your family drew the consideration of numerous African Americans. The Great Migration made the main huge urban dark networks in the North. Alongside gigantic measures of blacks migrating to these urban areas likewise come issues. Numerous blacks were packed into lodging. Now and again, the inhabitance of the lodging that they lived in surpassed the cutoff points they were intended for. Envision a condo that can oblige five individuals serenely being push over the cutoff points by having twelve individuals dwell in it. These were ideal conditions for infection, unsanitary conditions, and in some extraordinary cases, demise. These residences became to be known as ghettos. Every beneficial thing must reach a conclusion and numerous blacks understood that because of the mass measure of workers that moved toward the North, a significant number of the occupations were taken. The south offered crafted by the past, however this time they would be paid for it and not compelled to accomplish the work. â€Å"After the Great Migration, blacks kept on moving looking for open door as some came back toward the South, while others moved to rural areas or better neighborhoods inside the North. †(Stewart E. Tolnay 2003) A significant military achievement is African American history were the Tuskegee Airmen. These valiant aviators were the initial move towards race balance inside the avionics division of the military. Albeit African Americans had normally battled in wars, they were not permitted to take an interest in real flying battle. The pilots were an import key in shutting the race imbalances inside the military. The Tuskegee pilots have become to be known as the most persuasive air unit during world war two. Prejudice was as yet a significant continuous issue well into world war two. Numerous whites didn't care for the possibility of African Americans being permitted to fly planes and battle in elevated battle. The Tuskegee Airmen accomplished something beyond that. They turned into the main dark Army Air Corps pilots. Their beginnings began when President Roosevelt had masterminded a gathering with three African American pioneers of the Army and Navy. They contended that equity should have been steady all through the military, organization should have been reasonable with respect to the continuous draft, and African Americans sho

Blog Archive Beyond the MBA Classroom Closing Bell at Yale SOM

Blog Archive Beyond the MBA Classroom Closing Bell at Yale SOM When you select an MBA program, you are not just choosing your learning environment, but are also committing to becoming part of a community. Each Thursday, we offer a window into life “beyond the MBA classroom” at a top business school. The Yale University School of Managements (SOMs) weekly happy hour, Closing Bell, takes place on Thursday nights. Given that students have no classes on Fridays, Closing Bell kicks off the weekend. Generally held at an off-campus location, this event is attended by students and their partners as well as by faculty and staff. According to one second year mbaMission interviewed, “It’s a great chance to catch up with friends after a busy week and to make plans for the evening, which often includes a trip to GPSCY [the Graduate Professional Student Center at Yale, aka Gryphon’s Pub] or other popular watering holes like Mory’s, Richter’s, or Anchor, or quieter dinners and gatherings.” For in-depth descriptions of social and community activities at Yale SOM and 14 other top MBA programs, check out the mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Beyond the MBA Classroom Yale University (School of Management)

The Crusades and the Spread of Christianity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1242 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/07/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Crusades Essay Did you like this example? The Crusades, starting in the Eleventh Century, were attempts by the Western Church to strip Europe of the newly developed and invading Muslims. Many Crusades had taken place over the centuries, including both a childrens and peasants crusade, in making an effort to keep the new religious threat at a distance. Many popes, kings, and rulers consumed a great deal of money, time, and effort into these wars, but many ended up failing in their true purposes. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Crusades and the Spread of Christianity" essay for you Create order However, much can be said about the success of these crusades considering these losses. With these successes that took place, is the spread of Christianity included? Although the various Crusades had many successes and failures, the original Crusades was unsuccessful in spreading the message of Jesus and promote Christianity through the events of war. Before looking into the reasons as to why the spread of Christianity did not arise, one must look into the true nature of the Crusades along with what were the original goals that they were trying to accomplish. In 1095, Pope Urban II called together a council at Clermont (Madden 4). These meetings, mostly between French bishops and the pope, lasted nine days before the Pope gave a speech to the public. In this speech, the Pope designated upon the people of the church to defend the Eastern Church from the invading Muslims, liberate Jerusalem from them, and, ultimately stop the Muslim from moving any further. At the end of Popes speech, the people of the Church unanimously agreed, and soon the Pope was laying out the message to people across France and Germany. Many nobles, along with the populace, united on the cause. One practical reason as to this widespread acceptance of traveling across the empire was for the honor of knighthood. Some of the nobility understood that is was their duty to protect their people, especially from their own religion. The Muslims were attacking Gods church, and for a knight, their duty is to protect the Church and their people. Another reason that the call to arms was answered was to protect Christianity as a whole. The Muslims took over many of the Churchs lands and they were not slowing down their invasion. In fact, it could be noted that Christians even feared that the Muslims would soon conquer all of Europe unless they were stopped (Galli 3). Pope Urbans speech has been lost in history, but it appeared that he told his followers that the Eastern Church was falling, pilgrimages were ceased, and churches were being destroyed. As previously mentioned, the Eastern Church was collapsing and falling to the Muslims. In fact, most of the major Eastern cities fell, including the city of Antioch. The East and the West were still considered one church at the time so the church believed that it should help in the recovering of the cities. During at this moment in Church history, part of the religious actions of the followers of the Church was to take part in visiting shrines and preserving relics. Some of the shrines included houses of certain saints, artifacts from the apostles, but most importantly, the city of Jerusalem (Shelly 2). Since Jerusalem was the place of Jesus Christs death and resurrection, many people would take pilgrimages to the holy city. In fact, pilgrimages to the city of Jerusalem became a form of penance. Unfortunately, Muslims eventually took control of the city, but they still allowed the pilgrimages to continue. However, in the Eleventh century, Christians do not have the ability to travel to the city anymore. So in order to have one of the most important shrines of the faith recovered, it would have to be taken by force. In order for the Pope to acquire more people to rescue Jerusalem, he offered a gratification to all who volunteer to fight for Jerusalem, whether they live or die. In other words, all sins, including sins in the past, would be forgiven by the Pope if people joined to recover the holy land of Jerusalem. This promise by the Pope is most likely what caused so many men and women to join in the fight for the Holy Land. In reality, the main reason for the Church getting the Crusades under way was to stop the eager Muslims from advancing further West. The Muslims had taken over many parts of the Eastern part of Churchs territory, as well as into Spain and Africa with no sign of stopping. It was this Muslim push for dominance that struck fear in the hearts of the Western Church (Tyerman 2). Action was taken which led to the Crusades. This first Crusade was highly successful the Eastern Cities were recovered, Jerusalem was liberated, and the Muslims were stopped from moving further West. Everything that the Pope planned on doing was successful; however, overall, the Crusades was not successful in achieving their goals. After the initial Crusade, many more Crusades followed. Some of these Crusades were designed to recover Jerusalem after it fell, but many others had different and confusing goals. Not for long, the Church applied the idea of the Crusades to any religious deed to stop both other Christians or pagans. After many years of holding Jerusalem, the Muslim recaptured the city. Many of the other Crusades never even reached Jerusalem nor recaptured back the city. The Muslims were held at a distance by the Crusades, but they were never stopped. As a matter of fact, the Crusades actually hurt the relationship between Christians, Jews, and Muslims. All in all, the Crusades failed in its overall goal. In the conquest of the Crusades, the spreading of Christianity was never the main goal. Simply restoring back what was theirs in the past and holding off the Muslims were the primary goals of the Crusades. However, that does not mean that Christianity did not grow during this time. Christianity did grow, but Christianity also suffered. During the Fourth Crusade, Crusaders attacked and stormed Constantinople in order to raise funds for their conquest (Encyclopedia Britannica 3). The Pope did not authorized the attack, but accepted the reward and believed that the Church was finally reunited. However, this sequence of events caused bitterness in the East and ultimately promoted a true united Church to be put out of question. Although the Church became divided during this time, the spread of Christianity did, in fact, occurred. Two groups, the Franciscan and Dominican friars, brought it upon themselves to spread the message of Jesus to both the Muslim lands and beyond (Wani 5). They were the primary people from each group of abbot, and because of their success, the Pope delivered missionary help to aid in their work. These efforts along with the natives of the land helped the growth of Christianity into Muslim territory. Unfortunately, the Crusades themselves did not spread the message of Jesus Christ and Christianity. The Crusades took place primary to reestablish what had already been the Churchs dominions and to prevent the Muslims from entering deeper into Europe. Many Crusades attempted to regain Jerusalem and other Christian lands, but most failed. However, the Crusades were able to keep the Muslims out of Europe for a decent amount of time. During this time, though, Christian missionary efforts to the people whom the Church was trying to press were taking place but not with much success. Overall, it can be concluded that the Crusades did not promote the cause of Jesus Christ despite the successes they had on the initial Crusade.

The Influence of Art on Our World Essay - 985 Words

Art is not just a picture on a wall or in a museum, art comes in many forms. It can be a song you just heard, a video you watched, or a painting you saw in a gallery. Also, art can be just text. All forms of art grasp you in different ways and make your thoughts evolve to new distances. Art can bring you feelings you did not think you had. You can perceive the art in many ways and the creator wants it to influence you. I believe that yes, at can truly influence society and inform human behavior. While it may seem to some that pictures, songs, and videos influence you the most, it is actually true that books are the most influential and informative because they get in touch with your mind and emotions. There are many people in†¦show more content†¦Reading a book can be so influential to a persons mind. When your read someones story and hear their own personal thoughts, you get into that persons mindset and you think about things in a way that has never came to you before . Their words get into your mind and send you this message and influence you to think of matters in different ways. In the book Night, written by Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, he states, Never shall I forget those flames which consumed my faith forever. (Pg. 32) Right there is a very vivid statement, it draws out a deep picture that is connected to someones spiritual being. Faith is something many of us have, and when you read that, you just formed a connection between you and this person . Also Elie states, Never shall I forget those moments in which murdered my God and my soul and turned my dreams to dust. (pg. 32) Everyone of us has dreams, and to know that one person just watched their dreams dissappear, is heart breaking. Murdered is a very strong word, but murdering ones God, that is even worse. What would happen if everything you thought about your God was taken away from you? It would probably drive you to insanity. Finally Elie says, Why should I bless his name? 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Education And Freedom Of The Oppressed - 1242 Words

Final Research Paper: Education and Freedom of the Oppressed in the United States Ivy Yvette Salinas CSP 54: Remaking the World: The European Revolutionary Tradition Professor Stone July 20, 2016 According to the Archbishop of York, â€Å"the true purpose of education is to produce citizens,† however based on Frantz Fanon’s theory, I would argue that ideally the purpose of education is to produce enlightened people that will work towards freeing themselves and others of oppression. I along with, scholars in education such as Donald H. Smith, also argue that education is the â€Å"most powerful social force in the history of humankind† because it can be used to â€Å"empower or to enslave.† In the United States where slavery once existed, another form of slavery continues to exist and it manifests itself as the educational oppression. It is no coincidence that the the people who are affected by this form of oppression are minorities, or mainly students of color or students of lower â€Å"classes† or economic background. At the core of the inequality of the education system in the United States is the funding distribution for public schools. Public schools get funded through in large part by property taxes which are essentially determined by the value of the area the school is in. 5. Our debate topics are related to each other in that they are all interdependent on one another and are focused on student success through similar means. Debate topics such as privatization, meritShow MoreRelatedEssay on Paulo Freires Pedogogy of the Oppressed1204 Words   |  5 Pagesthe level of education that they want us to be at. This educational distortion is beneficiary to the educators realm and the way of governing education . We are seen as merely objects rather than subjects and are fed only facts/information that the educator only wants us to memorize not actually comprehend it or even ask questions or give our opinions to given facts/information. This is what makes the educator the oppressor and us the oppressed. Paulo Freires Pedogogy of the Oppressed deals withRead MoreCesar Freire s Pedagogy Of The Oppressed1084 Words   |  5 PagesPedagogy of the Oppressed presents two distinct educational methods and asserts that problem-posing education, rather than the banki ng method, is what is necessary for humanity. This particular excerpt of Pedagogy of the Oppressed encapsulates a vast scope of education. It begins with an exposition, revealing what exactly banking method is, followed by the explanation of problem-posing education. Throughout the duration of the chapter, Freire passionately presents his ideals about education through theRead MoreSlavery And African American Society1184 Words   |  5 Pagesgained his freedom as he acquired knowledge. To those who are oppressed by the chains of slavery, education is a rarity. To oppressors, keeping slaves ignorant is ideal. African-American social reformer, Frederick Douglass, experienced the bondage of slavery and the influence education held in regards to gaining his freedom. Education was a major force for social change with regard to to slavery and African-American rights. Slavery is only possible because of the influence of education. In his autobiographyRead MoreThe Invisible Dragon1428 Words   |  6 PagesFor this essay I am going to be looking and researching into more depth about how most, if not all education systems are political. I will be looking at different theories such as Freire’s ‘banking’ and how this can be prevented with a solid pedagogy and what I think of this. I will speak about the oppressed and the oppressor and their role in liberation. I will also be reviewing A.S.Neill’s philosophy of Summerhill School and my thought critically about this. I will state over this essay what heRead MoreAuthors Such As W.E.B. Du Bois And Simone De Beauvoir,1695 Words   |  7 PagesAuthors such as W.E.B. Du Bois and Simone de Beauvoir, who wrote on the oppression of people agree that there is a mental oppression the acts as one of the biggest obstacles to freedom for oppressed groups. The oppression of black people an d women are similar in fundamental ways because they are viewed as inferior and the ways they are controlled and limited by another, dominant group which makes it easy to apply the concept of the Veil to both of them. Du Bois introduces the concept of the VeilRead MoreThe Work Of Brameld, Horton, And Freire721 Words   |  3 Pagesthe nature of the oppression (Schiro, 2013). This school was designed to educate labor organizers in the nature of the oppression and recognize it by thinking in an ideal society in which the workers are not oppressed and seeking for strategies for organizing oppressed workers. After the education stage was complete, the labor organizers were sent to their work places to organize groups of other workers to demand for better living and working conditions. Stone (1995) states that The Highlander FolkRead MoreCompare and Contrast1054 Words   |  5 PagesIMImportant Scholars of Education: The Work of Paulo Freire and William W. Brickman Alana L. Jackson Northcentral University Author Note Alana L. Jackson, Department of Education, Northcentral University Abstract This article discusses the contributions of the amazing scholars Paul Freire and William W. B. Brickman and how their theories on education impacted their philosophies on improving education in their time. Friere believed the, â€Å"Banking† concept of education was the best theory toRead MoreThe Black Skin White Masks By Frantz Fanon1664 Words   |  7 PagesToday race and racism is now discussed more openly. Which is why society has an understanding of the fact that racism still exist. Frantz Fanon uses colonization to explain how racism was cultivated in the past. Paulo Freire uses his study of the oppressed to explain how its hard to escape oppression. In Frantz Fanon’s book of â€Å"Black Skin White Masks† has insights into the psychological damage resulting from colonialism, self-denial, racism, in which provide a path for those of us still grappling withRead MoreBanking Concept of Education Essay685 Words   |  3 PagesBanking Concept of Education Philosopher and educator Paulo Freire once said, â€Å"Education either functions as an instrument which is used to facilitate integration of the younger generation into the logic of the present system and bring about conformity or it becomes the practice of freedom, the means by which men and women deal critically and creatively with reality and discover how to participate in the transformation of their world.† In Freire’s work of â€Å"the Banking Concept of Concept†, he describesRead MoreBook Review: My Forbidden Face: Growing up Under the Taliban675 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿In the book, My Forbidden Face: Growing Up Under the Taliban: A Young Womans Story, Latifa explains how her oppressed society made her take stand against them by reaching for freedom. When her society became oppressed, she was force to live her life as a prisoner, which included covering up her face with a hijab. In some Islamic countries, the hijab is forced on women due to religious b eliefs and the state believes that women will be protected from sexual harassment and rape if they wear it.

Care and Compassion in the Nursing Profession free essay sample

As a student, I have neither given nor received aid/help on this assignment. Caring and Compassion in the Nursing Profession Nursing is a physically and emotionally demanding job. There are six virtues that should be followed when working as a nurse. Caring and compassion can be viewed as â€Å"nursing’s most precious asset† (Schantz, 2007). Caring and compassion are two different characteristics with similar meanings. Caring is defined as showing kindness or concern for others (Oxford, 2013). Compassion is defined as sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others (Oxford, 2013). Some people choose nursing as their job because their desire to care for others. Being a caring individual allows you to make a therapeutic relationship with a patient. When a patient feels cared for; emotionally they develop trust and self-worth. Caring requires you to physically meet your patient needs. When a patient has a sense a being cared for they may be more willing to participate. We will write a custom essay sample on Care and Compassion in the Nursing Profession or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most nurses have a certain mindset as â€Å"Do unto others as you would want done unto you† (Watson, 1988). Along with caring, compassion is reason why people desire to be nurses. Compassion is not sympathy you show toward a patient in need, but rather the sympathy that causes you to act on an inner desire to help that patient (Hart, 2011). When showing compassion it’s not doing things you are accountable to do as a nurse, but doing it because you are urged to do it as a human being to make a difference. All six virtues define nursing characteristic as a whole, but caring and compassion are key things to have when treating patients as nurses. To maintain a high quality of health care revolves around caring and compassion. It makes a big difference to have compassion in your heart to care for others. Caring and compassion can have such a good impact on a patient to warthere he/she will gain self-worth and dignity. References Caring. (n. d). In Oxford online dictionary.

The Benefits of Yoga And Meditation free essay sample

The Benefits of Yoga and Meditation In today’s environment, many people are suffering with the stress and anxiety of day to day living and are finding themselves unable to cope with life’s little emergencies. Prescription drugs are on the rise due to the increasing need for people to deal with their stress and anxiety. However, many people are searching for ways to be less stressed and live a happy and healthy life without drugs. If stress and anxiety are getting the best of you, then think about grabbing a mat and giving yoga and meditation a spin. With that in mind, this paper will take a look at the benefits of yoga and meditation to create a more peaceful and healthy lifestyle. What is Yoga? Yoga is a centuries-old Eastern philosophy but what does a person normally think of when the word â€Å"yoga† is mentioned? Many will say they immediately think of uncompromising poses that only a young and nubile person could possibly achieve. We will write a custom essay sample on The Benefits of Yoga And Meditation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Others may say that it is a practice that takes years of discipline and patience to acquire. While there may be a bit of truth in both these explanations, Shane Bance wrote an article on the definition of yoga and he defines it this way: Yoga is an ancient Indian body of knowledge that dates back more than 500 years ago. The word Yoga came from the Sanskrit word yuj which means to unite or integrate. Yoga then is about the union of a persons own consciousness and the universal consciousness. (Bance, 2012) Yoga is a blend of postures and breathing techniques that are combined to reduce stress and anxiety. Meditation, at the same time, is also beneficial to relieving stress and creating balance in one’s life. What is Meditation? While a meditative state is a natural outcome of practicing yoga, meditation s defined by The Free Dictionary † is a practice of concentrated focus upon a sound, object, visualization, the breath, movement, or attention itself in order to increase awareness of the present moment, reduce stress, promote relaxation, and enhance personal and spiritual growth† (Farlex, 2013). Although meditation is normally perceived as a spiritual practice, like yoga, it also offers many health benefits. The Benefits of Yoga Yoga combines physical exertion along with mental discipline to achieve a balance between mind and body. There are many benefits to practicing yoga such as improving one’s flexibility, toning muscles and reducing stress. Yoga is even getting the green light from many physicians as an alternative method for their patients suffering from a number of disorders and sports injuries. These disorders range from depression, heart disease, breast cancer, menopause, chronic back pain and even weight loss. Being physically fit, which yoga can accomplish, is as important as being mentally fit by including meditation to a daily routine. The Benefits of Meditation Meditation is a technique used by many as a way to relax mentally and detach from their everyday thoughts and emotions. Many sports enthusiasts and athletes are including meditation as part of their workout to improve concentration. Even though meditation has normally been recognized as a spiritual practice, there are also many health benefits one can enjoy. Health benefits of practicing meditation can include â€Å"lower heart rate, lowered levels of cortisol and lactate two chemicals associated with stress, decreased anxiety and depression, decreased irritability and moodiness and improved learning ability and memory† (Merrifield, 2012). People who practice meditation on a consistent basis claim to sleep better at night and suffer from insomnia less frequently. Consider meditation as a time-out for adults! Yoga and Meditation: A Perfect Union Combining yoga and meditation or yoga meditation, is a beautiful way to relax and de-stress after a long day. The positions of yoga gently stretch the body and then allow your muscles to relax while meditation helps to alleviate the pressures and problems that arise throughout the day. Many people think that yoga and meditation are two different things but the two go hand in hand. Yoga meditation is an exercise program that includes stretching and exercises that use deep breathing to bring peace and tranquility. While it’s true that you can meditate without performing yoga, yoga on the other hand, always involves some form of meditation. Yoga and Meditation Styles There are many different styles, forms and intensities of yoga that one can practice. Yoga is not a one-size-fits-all type of exercise. The beauty of yoga is that anyone at any age, including the elderly, can practice this ancient art. Many gyms are now offering yoga classes to their members as well as yoga-specific studios which are popping up all across the country. Keep in mind that one style is not better than another but rather a personal preference. If taking a class, it’s important that the student is comfortable with the teacher, notably; liking one’s teacher is also true of learning and practicing meditation. Following is a list and short description of yoga styles that have been or are becoming quite popular all over the world. All yoga styles incorporate meditation into them. Ashtanga – This yoga is for those who want a serious and physically demanding workout. â€Å"It involves synchronizing breathing with progressive and continuous series of postures-a process producing intense internal heat and a profuse, purifying sweat that detoxifies muscles and organs†.

Steve Wozniak essays

Steve Wozniak essays At first I had began brainstorming trying to think of a subject for this paper. I had heard Mr. Perry speak of Apple computer and of Steve jobs. His rise to power and his fall from grace then his rebirth, like the phoenix from in myths and legends rising from his own ashes. However I didnt know much about the subject. So I decided on the subject of Apple computers. Then the more I researched I found a more interesting subject. In the next few pages I am going to attempt to do justice of the accomplishments of Steve Wozniak. No not the other Steve, I found Steve Wozniak a more interesting person simply because I had never heard of the man. I never new he existed. Being of lesser knowledge than most on the subject of computers I found it fascinating. The way Steve Wozniak did things. Steve Wozniak was born in 1950. A baby boomer he grew up in suburban Santa Clara Valley, California with his parents and siblings. His father was an engineer for Lockheed and his mother was the president of a Republican Womens Club. He was into electronics heavily even as a child and young teenager. While looking at a magazine article he spotted a diagram for a simple calculator called the One-Bit-Adder-Subtractor. Woz, as his friends called him, dissected the plans and made improvements. In Cupertino Science Fair he took home first prize with the Ten Bit Parallel Adder Subtractor. It was his first attempt at building a computer. This would be the beginning of a great learning era it would seem. In junior high he had already taught himself how to design programs in computer languages. At homestead high school he absorbed everything he could about electronics and physics. He fare outreached his counter parts in class. After he graduated he went on to the University of Colorado but flunked out. You see he was bored with school because he was so intelligent. At least that is what he tells everyone. Returning to Ca...

Save the Children ( NGO) Changes the Lives of Children Essay

Save the Children ( NGO) Changes the Lives of Children - Essay Example Asia comprises more than 70 percent of the undernourished children, Africa has 26 percent, while Latin America and the Caribbean has 4 percent. It was reported that malnourishment starts even before birth when the pregnant mother herself is malnourished. Thus, one to six infants in developing countries are born undernourished with low birth weight. As a result, infants either die at birth, affected by disabilities in learning, mentally retarded or blind. The UNICEF report indicated that around 22,000 children die annually as a result of poverty. Around 120 to 125 million children around the world (or one in every five children) have not been enrolled in the primary school level. Africa has 24 million females at school age who do not go to primary school, while boys exceed them by 5 percent in 22 African states. Children belong to a disadvantaged group and are vulnerable socially and physically. And if they were orphaned or abandoned by their parents, they would be helpless on their own to survive, remain healthy and become educated. Concerns and Problems Involving Children Numerous civil society groups, non-government organisations (NGOs) or people’s organisations (POs) are helping the children whose social, educational and physical needs are not met. They advocate one or more rights or assistance for children so that the latter can thrive in their respective localities as human beings, and not deprived of their basic rights and needs.

Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness Essay - 2

Strategic Management and Strategic Competitiveness - Essay Example Here it has to be mentioned that the organization chosen happens to be Wal-Mart. Wal-Mart is a publicly traded company since 1971 and the largest retailer in the country of U.S. Effect of Globalization and Technology Wal-Mart was founded by Sam Fulton in the year 1950 and in the year 1971 the company was listed as a publicly traded company. By 1990 the company had exhibited phenomenal success in the domestic market as it became the largest retailer in the nation. Wal-Mart went global for the first time in the year 1994 when the company decided to enter Canada and since then there has been no turning back. Today Wal-Mart has total of nine thousand and seven hundred units. Out of this more than five thousand units are international units. Globalization presented Wal-Mart the challenge of entering into new countries like China and Brazil having diverse cross cultural differences. But it also presented the opportunity to generate a lot more revenue and reach economies of scale. From the performance of the company it can be easily seen that the company has nullified the risks and utilized the opportunities to the fullest extent. The statistics speak for themselves. Today Wal-Mart is the largest retailer in the world. Globalization has helped the company to enter emerging markets like China, Brazil, etc. and take control of the untapped market. In short globalization has been one of the key reasons for the phenomenal success of the company (Wenderoth, 2009). Position Retailer Name 1 Wal-Mart 2 Carrefour 3 Tesco 4 Metro 5 Kroger Source: Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited and STORES Media Another major change in the modus operand of the company has been the embracement of technology. It is quite needless to say that with the rise in the usage of energy round the globe, the world is likely to go through the phase of power shortage. Therefore, a lot of companies are looking to use renewable energy resources. This is also potential branding activity. Wal-Mart has been a pio neer in the usage of the modern day technology to take advantage of the use of renewable energy resources. Wal-Mart uses HVACS to reflect sunlight that reduces heat to cool the buildings. Another major change has been use of the internet. Due to rise of the use of internet, it has also become a potential marketing and sales channel. Wal-Mart has been able to develop strong digital presence both in terms of the website and social media platform. The company also provides opportunity for the customers to buy products online. Industrial organization and Resource Based model for Wal-Mart Industrial organization Model The industrial organization adds to the competitive model real life frictions such as the limited information, transaction cost and barrier to entry. Wal-Mart has been able to achieve economies of scale through the everyday low price model which has in turn acted as the potential barriers to entry. Also the globalization has helped the company a lot in becoming a market lea der. The Wal-Mart stores are also geared towards the low income customer groups (Henry, 2008). Resource Based model The resource based model of the company can be analyzed through the resource capability analysis using the VRINE model. The company has decided to focus on some capabilities such as international acquisitions, store design, supply chain and the introduction of analytics to create value for the customers. The

Motivation for Advanced Level Esl Learning Essay Example for Free

Motivation for Advanced Level Esl Learning Essay In recent years, TESOL has called for the study of the social and cognitive factors that affect adult English learners’ participation in formal language learning. Numerous research projects have investigated the motivational influences and factors of adult immigrant English. In particular, factors and motivations which led them to take an advanced ESL courses after already having adequate fluency in English to conduct their work and daily lives. Using both qualitative and quantitative approaches, these studies have frequently uncovered that the ESL students opted to pursue advanced language training to, primarily, join the dominant language culture and community. Practical reasons, although very important to the learners, seem to be outweighed by the psychological drive to integrate into the culture. Social identity often proves to be the major factor in this process as student motivation often fostered by a self perceived difference between their current and desired identities as assimilated speakers of their new language. Fundamentally they saw language education as an essential transitional requisite for attainment of this preferred identity. Introduction The study of TESOL, which can trace its roots applied linguistics, occasionally failed to think about many non-linguistic aspects and situations of use which can influence learning. A large part of this knowledge, though, collected through education and psychology investigations could be applied to the groups of people and areas of interest being considered in TESOL. In places such as California second-language English users make up 63% of the target adult learners and almost a third in the country overall (Lasater and Elliott, 2004). The literature studied below begins by recapping major endeavors of psychology and education investigation so as to establish a baseline of student’s imperatives to learn. The study later focuses on motivation studies in linguistics related to ESL attainment and advancement. Part 2 Andragogy and Self-Motivation Andragogy  Review of the Literature Adult Learning from a Social Cognitive Perspective The foundation of adult learning theory was established in Lindeman (1926) who identified important distinctions between adult and child learning. These ideas were later developed by Knowles (1990) and constitute the hypothetical learning model dubbed andragogy. Andragogy, a mode of education starkly contrary pedagogy, which is characterized by children being instructed by adults in a directed and authoritarian environment. Knowles posited that because of significant psychological and physiological differences between youth and adult learners, the modes of educational motivation must be equally disparate. Knowles’s teachings are very well regarded in the education worldwide. Psychological metamorphosis in adult life, human factors brought to the learning situation, adult outside world demands, and life duties distinct from children’s, particularly a greater breadth of life encounters, varied incentives, and educational requirements all act in concert to create a distinctly different mode of motivation for adult learners. In particular, adult learning, per Knowles (1990), is predicated upon six vital components: 1. Justification for learning, that is, the rationale for desiring the education, before pursuing it. 2. Transformation of the adult concept of the self into that of an independent, self-directed human being. 3. Life experience that influences the adult body of accumulated knowledge, desires as well as being a component factor of self awareness. 4. Developmental willingness and practical feasibility relating to the synchronized pacing of learning experiences to their appropriate phases of emotional maturation. . Problem-centered approach of learning which can immediately be applied to real-life situations. 6. Self-motivation to learn by self-generated factors, as opposed to externally imposed requirements Kolb (1984) offered an expanded depiction of the process as a self-perpetuating process where actual events necessitate a review, analysis leading to later research and proper scientific revi ew. The learner’s assimilation into a different culture and society facilitates creation of educational desires with eventual engagement in a formalized educational environment as a key to attaining the desires. Learning occurs in myriad encounters/interactions with the student’s world in psychological process. In a social context, the actual knowledge gained is not so much seen as an acquisition but more as one of externalization. A way to get out of one’s self and into their new environment. Cognition of facts occurs which is a pro-active, relevant, and meaningful adult response to confusion created by previous discontinuity. A disjuncture can serve as â€Å"the point at which needs and wants and interests converge† . as well as an origin point for jumping into the learning process. By extending this idea to immigrant experiences, it seems as though basic everyday activity changes caused from immersion in a society which communicates in a foreign tongue, and made all the more real by the imperative to become functional in this society, can create disjuncture in their lives and compel them to pursue ESL education so as to not be overwhelmed. While many will pursue language education at once, others may find that language disjunctures happen later in their lives when greater proficiency beyond basic functional skills is required for a variety of reasons. Knowledge deficits plus a developed self-concept grounded within a cultural milieu can generate pressing need – a need to learn. Self-Motivation There are many different definitions for Motivation. In an educational context, one of the more comprehensive and useful definitions is from John Keller’s 1983 publication called Motivational Design of Instruction: â€Å"the choices people make as to what experiences or goals they will approach or avoid, and the degree of effort they will exert in that respect† (Keller, 1983). Motivation is mercurial in nature. Keller identified a perception of applicability of the learning presented as fundamental for maintaining long-term motivation. Relevance exceeds the subject’s education requirements to encompass perceptions of satisfaction desired through the process in fulfilling psychological imperative senses of achievement, belonging, power and freedom. Encountering disappointment during a learning situation can dissipate motivation and possible cause learned helplessness (Bandura, 1982; deCharms, 1984; Weiner, 1984) or dismotivation going beyond mere discouragement. Educational psychology accepts that motivation also varies because of varied contexts in which learning occurs. Studies have brought to light additional connections between the act of learning a language and the evolving perspective of learners in the L2 environment. Peirce (1995) introduced the idea that acquisition of proficiency in a dominant language allowed learnersr to â€Å"acquire a wider range of symbolic and material resources [and] increase the value of [the learners’] cultural capital†. Sfard Prusak (2005) insinuated that the learning itself is closing the gap between learners’ actual and projected identities. Qualitative studies offer a model of language learning motivation which is dynamic, longitudinal process whereby learners’ cognitions and beliefs (Ushioda, 2001), and relevance of the curriculum to their interests (Syed, 2001) directly affect involvement in learning. Part 3 Language Learners vs Second Language Learners Linguists only recently have begun distinguishing foreign language students from second language students when studying their drive to pursue language education and have proposed â€Å"the dynamics involved in learning these two different types of language may be quite different† (Gardner, 2001). To date, the great majority of these studies are in foreign language (FL) classes. Gardener’s quote was actually taken from a volume containing 20 separate motivation studies, none of which contained ESL students. ESL students, for whom English was a gateway ability for study in different subjects or earning a university degree, were more compelled by exterior forces to learn than heritage and non-heritage EFL learners. A motivation survey of 580 adult immigrants at a local college based ESL program in Toronto rated the following motives highest: linguistic needs, basic skills, cultural awareness, social interaction, and resume writing (Paper, 1990). It found no significant difference in motives based age, duration of residence or level of education. The influence of integrative orientation in the data compelled the author to recommend including Canadian culture in the curriculum. Conscious intention of immigrating to the U. S. was another motivating factor for language learning in a separate exploration conducted on adult learners (Brilliant, Lvovich, and Markson, 1995). Student’s beliefs seem to fill a vital role in adult learning accomplishments, consistent with educational psychology, thus making them ideal subjects for motivation research. A particular study, Bernat (2003), examined the views of 20 unemployed Vietnamese learners in a vocational ESL course in Sydney, Australia. Their scores were high on two motivations: 85% of respondents expressed the integrative desire to develop their interpersonal relations with the Australians better and make friends among them, and all agreed that speaking English well would enhance their prospects for employment. Part 4 The Attitude Motivation Test Battery (AMTB)  This is a large battery of tests which measures a number of different aspects of language learning. The instrument was originally used to measure attitudes of students studying English and French in Canada. Scales included attitudes toward French Canadians, interest in foreign languages, attitudes toward European French people, attitudes toward learning French, integrative orientation, instrumental orientation, anxiety, parental encouragement, motivational intensity, and desire to learn French. The scale instrument has been modified more recently. The Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) is designed to measure different components of the socio-educational model of SLA. There are eleven sub-tests, nine with ten items each, and two with four items. The five main variables assessed in the AMTB are attitudes toward the learning situation, integrativeness, motivation, instrumentality and language anxiety.

Steven King :: essays research papers

Stephen King often called; â€Å"Master of Horror† is a well-known author for his horror stories, and science fiction novels. He had many influences on how has written his books. King has also faced many hardships within his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King was born in Portland, Maine on September 21, 1947 to Nellie Ruth King and Donald Edwin King at the Maine General Hospital. Stephen was the only natural born child in the family, as his brother David was adopted at birth in 1945.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Kings were your average family until one night when his father Donald said he was going out for a pack of cigarettes, and never returned home. Stephen at the time was only three years old. His father had a large collection of science fiction novels in which Stephen read growing up. By the time Stephen was seven years old, he wrote his first short story. He also was a fan of the 50’s horror movies, which inspired him to write in the science fiction field. Stephen’s stories were also influenced by the nineteenth century gothic tradition, especially the writings of Edgar Allan Poe. King as a teenager, joined the football team, played in a rock band, yet still had two of his short stories published.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King started his actually writing career in January of 1959 when he and his brother David decided to publish their own local newspaper. So David bought a mimeograph and they called their paper Dave’s Rag, and it sold for 5 cents and issue.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King attended high school in Lisbon, Maine at Lisbon High School in 1962. Him and his best friend Chris Chesley published a collection of 18 short stories called People, Places, and Things-Volume I. A year later King and Gaslight Books published a two part book titled â€Å"The Star Invaders.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King made his first published appearance in 1965. His story, â€Å"I Was a Teenage Grave Robber†, which was only about 6000 words in length. The story was published in a magazine named Comics Review.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1966, King graduated from high school and took his scholarship from the University of Maine at Orono. He received a bachelor’s degree in English and a certificate to teach high school in June 1970. He then married Tabitha Jane Spruce on January 2, 1971.King accepted a teaching job at Hampden Academy as an English teacher, and so they moved to Hermon.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  King started to write and submit novels to publishing companies, but had not luck.

Twelfth Night Analysis

Love vs. Lust and Desire (The Twelfth Night) Love and lust can often be mistaken for each other by unsuspecting and naive characters. In William Shakespeare’s The Twelfth Night a majority of the characters experience learning the difference between whether lust is the same as love or if they are merely enjoying someone’s looks only. The question of desire being overpowered by love is something that has been deeply looked at by literary critics to try to decipher. The beginning of the story starts out with Viola and her twin brother Sebastian getting into a shipwreck where Viola believes that her brother has drowned and been lost at sea.She shows an enormous amount of love in those first few moments when she realizes that he is gone. No love is ever greater than family love because it is the most pure form of love. Viola, out of self-preservation, takes a job in the house of the Duke Orsino and becomes his messenger to his love Olivia. Olivia is a vain woman who is also mourning her brother’s death and refuses to see Orsino or listen to his marriage proposals. As a different tack, Orsino sends Viola, dressed as Cesario, to try to court Olivia for him. This is not love that Orsino is feeling. Unrequited, melancholic love intensifies this process: it is self-consuming, as Orsino is pursued and consumed by his own desires. † (Eagleton) As Eagleton alludes he is merely attracted to Olivia’s beauty and power. The way he acts towards her does personify that he loves her, but he only compliments her beauty and virtue in his poems. He alludes to only wanting her because she is what is seen as the most desirable woman around his land. â€Å"Irrationally, Orsino would love a woman who he knows loves herself. But whereas he shrewdly guesses the true condition of his lady's affection, he is blind to the similar makeup of his own passion. (Hunt) This showing of lust is counteracted by the showings from Viola of love for Orsino. She chooses to do as he asks and help him court Olivia despite the fact that she is a woman in disguise and loves Orsino herself. This is a sacrifice that could easily be shown as a sign of true love for Orsino. Viola’s showing of love is something to be examined closer. She has not known Orsino for more than a day when she begins to love him, yet she is willing to sacrifice her own happiness to help create a marriage between Orsino and Olivia.She could be seen as naive and hopeful, but she seems wiser than that if examined closer. â€Å"Viola is then drawn within this illusion, through her adoption of an illusion of disguise to further her real aim of serving Orsino; she is made to act the part of one actor (Orsino) to another actor (Olivia) in a way which conflicts with her own genuine identity (her love of Orsino). † (Eagleton) Orsino also trusts Viola, as Cesario, completely. He entrusts her with his hopes and his most intimate errands. â€Å"Orsino is caught at a transitiona l moment in love's metamorphosis. He secretly enjoys Viola's feminine beauty while the page identity–â€Å"Cesario†Ã¢â‚¬â€œgives him an excuse for not recognizing the threatening natural opposite to himself–an opposite that in truth complements him. † (Hunt) Orsino sees Viola (Cesario) as someone he can trust and feel strangely drawn to. This could be a sense of lust compelling him or the nature of true love in its purer form. Through the beginning of the story Viola’s love for Orsino grows only to see Orsino’s love for Olivia continue steady. This is all disrupted when Viola’s brother, Sebastian, is revealed as alive and in the same city.Olivia, who has been courting Cesario (Viola), mistakes Sebastian for Cesario and convinces him to marry her. This can only be another example of the feeble yet strong importance put on physical attraction between two strangers to create a feeling of love that is deeply rooted in lust. Olivia found Ce sario’s cool demeanor to her to be refreshing and the slightly feminine build to be attractive. â€Å"The consequence of Viola's entering the reciprocal illusion of Orsino and Olivia is the creation in Olivia of a reality—her love for Viola—which breaks beyond the illusion and yet is similarly illusory—she does not know that Viola is a woman. (Eagleton) Olivia’s love for Cesario is a little more sincere than Orsino’s love for Olivia because Olivia enjoys Cesario’s company and demeanor as strictly opposed to his looks. When Olivia learns that Sebastian is her husband and not Cesario, she is still happy despite the mix up. Orsino’s switching of his love from Olivia to Viola so easily and efficiently is a sign that he may not really know the true nature of love at all. Orsino may only really know the way of desire and lust.Viola overlooks this and marries Orsino without any hesitation because she loves him. Orsino refers to Viola as â€Å"his fancy’s Queen† implying that he really cares for her on a level deeper than merely her looks which he has not been able to see in her manly disguise. The ending of the story regards every couple marrying the person they seem the most happy with, but it’s highly questionable if they love the person they have chosen or if they merely have chosen someone they like. ? Work CitedEagleton, Terence. â€Å"Language and Reality in Twelfth Night. † Critical Quarterly 9. 3 (Autumn 1967): 217-228. Rpt. in Shakespearean Criticism. Ed. Dana Ramel Barnes and Marie Lazzari. Vol. 34. Detroit: Gale Research, 1997. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Feb. 2013. Hunt, Maurice. â€Å"Love, Disguise, and Knowledge in Twelfth Night. † CLA Journal 32. 4 (June 1989): 484-493. Rpt. in Shakespearean Criticism. Ed. Michelle Lee. Vol. 92. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resource Center. Web. 19 Feb. 2013.

Corporate culture and change Free Essay Example, 2250 words

Vodafone’s organizational culture and structure are inseparable. They influence one another, and help determine the mood of the company. They play a critical role in shaping the performance of the organization. The company has over 80,000 staff worldwide, and has branches in several parts in the world. Vodafone’s long history of divisional organization structure has deprived the company several opportunities. However, over the past few years, the company has initiated several changes that have helped improve performance and employee relationships. A survey conducted by (Colao, 2013) found that the company had no formal recognition to its employees as part of its culture. A culture that does not recognize employees when they perform exemplary duties makes it hard for the employees to get motivated. Employees who are not motivated always record low performance, and this contributes to the failure of the organization. This was the situation at Vodafone before the manageme nt initiated organizational changes. As part of its organizational cultural change, Vodafone started to follow a people-oriented culture. The management took it seriously and introduced a couple of measures to increase employee recognition. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate culture and change or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now A good example is the introduction of the Legends’ Scheme. Under this scheme, employees who show exemplary performance are rewarded accordingly, and promotion if need be. However, under this program, employees are encouraged to nominate colleagues who have shown outstanding performance throughout the year. The nomination exercise is a way of encouraging employees to participate in decision-making processes, which is a very important aspect of a good organizational culture. When nominations are completed, and winners selected, the company pays for their trip expenses, and sent them to luxurious vacations. Organizational cultural climate has been friendly at Vodafone since introduction of these measures. Employees often do their best knowing that if they emerge top performers, they will be paid off for their hard work. Organizational cultural climate greatly influence what is happening around a workplace. Factors such as perception, ability and skills, attitude and personality can greatly affect the performance of an organization. An organization that that builds positive perceptions, believes in employee’s abilities, and helps promote positive attitudes towards work performs better than one that does not do all these. Since an organization cannot function without employees, there is a need to check on these factors.